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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).

Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.

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GRUB is confusing (lemmy.ca)

submitted 1 week ago by kionite231@lemmy.ca to c/linux@lemmy.ml

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hello,

I don't know if this is the right place to ask this question but could someone explain me how a UEFI system boots, I couldn't find a guide online. I want to know because I don't understand certain GRUB commands and how it get installed.

I just copy paste commands from Arch wiki and it just magically works without me knowing anything about it.

all the different distros use different grub command parameter and it's so confusing. eg, Arch and Gentoo.

Arch command: grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=esp --bootloader-id=GRUB Gentoo command: grub-install --efi-directory=/efi

why both command is different? exactly where does grub gets installed?

sorry if this is a naive question but i really don't understnad GRUB.

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[–] ReversalHatchery@beehaw.org 1 points 1 week ago

I'm pretty sure UEFI systems don't make use of a boot sector anymore. They look for the bootloader in the form of an .efi file in the ESP or EFI System Partition, of each sata drive (maybe other block devices too).

also, the disk it uses is not necessarily "/dev/sda". first because it can be on any of the disks, second because that's not a persistent ID but something that depends on detection order

Especially with software being called firmware and not being called motherbootware or pre-bootware or anything that indicates that this piece of software is the very first thing that starts running during boot.

firmware is a pretty common term for things like this (code on chip that manages low level startup)