Been looking for a solution for a bit, trying out many possible solutions, and SteamVR fails out with a Valve Index with an error code 460. I have tried it under Void Linux as well with the same code, but Devuan it worked however proton failed out. Everything works under Windows, just trying to migrate over to Linux for my primary!
When this failure happens, the headset still tracks, and I can see in it's displays, it tracks the controllers, etc. However Steam appears to be unable to hook it to games, causing the room setup to not even see the headset as connected. It does show in SteamVR's debug as connected and all the input buttons work. I cannot find anything on Google for error 460, and both my Void and Artix installs have this issue
To anyone who finds this and has had this issue: appears to have been solved for me by changing my file descriptors limit from 4096 to 524288.