this post was submitted on 09 Dec 2023
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Phantom is 11-48V power over a balanced pair with the signal galvanically isolated, bias is direct 5-9V power over the 3rd cable. It's generally not a good idea to mix them up and hook up a bias powered mic to a phantom power source. Also better not to hook up a passive mic with balanced output, to any kind of power source.
As for the voltage generated by the movement of the diaphragm, the amount and power varies by multiple orders of magnitude depending on technology and size of the mic, but you will always have some part just converted to heat and lost from the output. The best way to minimize that, is to provide power beforehand, to a preamp specific to the particular mic, that will keep the diaphragm in its optimum operating range, then boost the signal if needed.