Linux

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.world/post/23251074

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.world/post/23250905

I have a couple of flatpaks installed that are no longer available on flathub, and i want to make sure to back them up so that i can run them later if i install a fresh distro for example.

Is it as simple as copying the application folder from ~/.local/share/flatpak and adding it there later? Does that include dependencies as well?

hello,

I don't know if this is the right place to ask this question but could someone explain me how a UEFI system boots, I couldn't find a guide online. I want to know because I don't understand certain GRUB commands and how it get installed.

I just copy paste commands from Arch wiki and it just magically works without me knowing anything about it.

all the different distros use different grub command parameter and it's so confusing. eg, Arch and Gentoo.

Arch command: grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=esp --bootloader-id=GRUB Gentoo command: grub-install --efi-directory=/efi

why both command is different? exactly where does grub gets installed?

sorry if this is a naive question but i really don't understnad GRUB.

SystemD Pilot is a desktop application for managing systemd services on GNU/linux machines. The app is very lightweight and supports common tasks such as starting and stopping systemd services.

It can also show detailed status for each service.

Features: List services

Filter by running state

Start, Stop, Restart, Enable and Disable services + show status for each service

Create override configuration for any unit file using the edit button

Option for reloading systemd manager configuration (systemctl daemon-reload)

Easy search. Just start typing and the app will find relevant services

Lightweight

Available for download as deb, rpm and AppImage

Integration into GNOME desktop (libadwaita)

Made with love for the FOSS community. Please give it a try and share your thoughts.

Kali Linux is an open-source, Debian-based Linux distribution geared towards various information security tasks, such as Penetration Testing, Security Research, Computer Forensics and Reverse Engineering.

A dynamic tiling Wayland compositor

Breaking changes

• window/layer rule regexes now require a full match (not any match) to trigger.
• cursor:dumb_copy is gone in favor of cursor:use_cpu_buffer. This should allow no-downsides Nvidia hardware cursors. Please note it's experimental.

Notes for packagers

• New deps: hyprgraphics, re2

New features:

• binds: add option to allow fullscreening a pinned window (#8526)
• config: add 'force' option for 'cursor:warp_on_change_workspace' (#8681)
• core: Add support for hyprqtutils' update screen (#8651)
• core: add a few festive splashes
• core: move colorspace handling to oklab (#8635)
• dispatchers: Add an option to prioritize focus change within groups with movefocus (#8601)
• hooks: add pre connected/disconnected monitor events (#8503)
• hyprctl: add an inhibitingIdle field to windows
• hyprctl: add directScanout to hyprctl monitors
• hyprctl: add json output on hyprctl -j plugins list (#8480)
• input: add warp_back_after_non_mouse_input
• logging: Add some context to config error logs (#8326)
• makefile: add stub to discourage direct make
• pointer: add drm dumb buffers for cursors (#8399)
• renderer: add lockdead_screen_delay (#8467)
• renderer: add option to blur IME popups (#8521)
• version: add link versions for other utils (#8619)
• windowrules: add rules for mouse and touchpad scroll factors (#8655)
• xwayland: Support cross DnD from Wayland (#8708)

Hello everyone! I know that Linux GUI advanced in last few years but we still lack some good system configuration tools for advanced users or sysadmins. What utilities you miss on Linux? And is there any normal third party alternatives?

cross-posted from: https://lemmings.world/post/17893006

I am in the market for a new laptop. I have searched quite a lot and decided to go with Lenovo. I am connected to mains most of the time and I am looking for compute power over efficiency. So the new Intel Lunar Lake 258V processors are not for me. That means Zenbook S14 is out of discussion. Also before anyone push a Framework plug, No! Framework laptops are not available where I live.

Its for my personal use and my preferred setup is Gnome on EndeavourOS. and its mainly used as a media consumption device. But occasionally it could run ffmpeg h265 encoding, run one or two moderately heavy podman containers (like Jellyfin) and sometimes a 6GB RAM VM or a local LLM model (3b) (very rare).

Basically I have narrowed it down to two laptops:

• Lenovo Yoga Pro 7 Gen 9 (14, AMD) - AMD Ryzen AI 9 365 (Preferred)
• Lenovo ThinkPad P14s (AMD) Gen 5 - Ryzen 7 PRO 8840HS

With Yoga Pro 7 being my preferred pick. When similarly specked with 32GB RAM, both are almost similarly priced, with Yoga running about $200 extra. I feel that new ThinkPads are a little overpriced for what they offer, at-least where I live.

• Yoga has the new AMD architecture (Zen 5).
• Yoga's screen is better than ThinkPad's (2.8K OLED @ 120Hz vs FHD IPS @ 60Hz, OLED option is not available for ThinkPad here).
• Yoga has an Aluminum build. I haven't used ThinkPads in the past, but had a plastic Dell Latitude in the recently (2022) and its build quality and plastics were really bad. Currently I have an Aluminum built laptop (from 2018) and its so much better than Dell's.
• I prefer the aesthetics of Yoga over ThinkPad (Though its subjective).
• ThinkPad is a bit cheaper (by $200) and upgradable.

Yoga Pro 7 Gen 9 (14, AMD) being very new, I don't know about its Linux (EndeavourOS) compatibility.

Does the new Ryzen AI 9 300 series work well with Linux? This is the only linux-hardware.org probe for this laptop.
Yoga Pro 7 Gen 9 (14, AMD):

On the other hand, the ThinkPad P14s (AMD) Gen 5 works well with Arch with Ryzen 7 PRO 8840HS. This puts me in a dilemma, should I spend a little more and for the not heavily Linux tested, but new Strix Point (Ryzen 300 series) Yoga Pro 7 or go for a tested Ryzen 7 PRO 8840HS ThinkPad?

I am planing to keep my laptop for 5-6 years.

If anybody have the new gen AMD processor Laptops running Linux (Any Distro) please share your experience.

Hi all,

I have an Intel NUC Skull Canyon. It's running POP_OS!

I purchase a microSD card, and it came with an SD Adaptor.

I've plugged it in, but nothing shows in files.

I have run lsusb, lspci, and even:

sudo lsblk -o MODEL,NAME,FSTYPE,LABEL,MOUNTPOINT,SIZE

However it's just not showing up anywhere.

The microSD is brand new, and a model called:

SAMSUNG 512 EVO Plus A2 V30.

I am not sure if the card is maybe so new, that linux can't see it yet? I doubt that.

I wonder if anyone has any ideas? I don't have another SD Adaptor, nor any other computer with an SD or microSD slot.

Thanks so muchy

Hey all,

My father's business requires him to work a lot with PDF forms, combine PDF files, convert scanned pictures to files, etc.

I've found Master PDF editor, but I've found it to be buggy -- specifically when trying to create a new PDF from multiple files the program errors out saying it can't create the file.

I've also tried running Foxxit PDF editor through WINE but that's abysmal.

Any recommendations on Linux native software paid or FOSS, that can fill forms, create/combine PDFs, and do basic edition (rotating pages, etc) that my 70 year old dad can learn to use?

I moved him away from Windows with the Windows 11 debacle, and he's liked Linux so far except for this one issue

Thanks all for your help?

***** EDIT *****

Thanks all for your responses, I'll be trying out StirlingpPDF, PDFSam, OnlyOffice, and re-trying MasterPDF editor over the holidays while I have some 1:1 time with my dad. Tl;Dr: playing family IT and switching your parents to Linux is rough 😂

I am considering moving away from Ubuntu, but I haven't tried other distributions for years. I started on Linux Mint Cinnamon back in 2012, but switched to Ubuntu when I built my current PC in 2020 because I wanted more up-to-date packages. Now I am faced with needing to replace my SSD which gives me reason enough to install a new distro. I have an AMD Ryzen 7 2700X with 32G of RAM and an NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3060, so I would need something that plays nicely with nvidia. I routinely use libreoffice, digikam, gimp, virtualbox, bambu studio, sublime text, filezilla, thunderbird, minecraft, steam, Open WebUI and Stable Diffusion (Automatic1111). I liked Ubuntu because it was familiar, fairly easy to customize, and everything was kept fairly well up to date. I am not a big fan of snap, and I would prefer a more logical and unified package management system. I was wondering if you all had some recommendations for me. Thanks

This week's headliner change is something that I think will make a lot of people happy: better fractional scaling! Vlad and Xaver have been hard at work to snap everything to the screen's pixel grid, with the effect that using a fractional scale factor now results in a lot less blurriness as well as no more gaps between windows and their shadows. You'll see it in the screenshot below (which was taken at 175% scale) but the effects are subtly better everywhere. Really great stuff! And lots more too, of course.

Incus is a next-generation system container, application container, and virtual machine manager.

It provides a user experience similar to that of a public cloud. With it, you can easily mix and match both containers and virtual machines, sharing the same underlying storage and network.

Incus is image based and provides images for a wide number of Linux distributions. It provides flexibility and scalability for various use cases, with support for different storage backends and network types and the option to install on hardware ranging from an individual laptop or cloud instance to a full server rack.

When using Incus, you can manage your instances (containers and VMs) with a simple command line tool, directly through the REST API or by using third-party tools and integrations. Incus implements a single REST API for both local and remote access.

The Incus project was created by Aleksa Sarai as a community driven alternative to Canonical's LXD. Today, it's led and maintained by many of the same people that once created LXD.

From https://kde.org/community/donations/previousdonations/

i was just wondering because i do talk to my friends most of the time through email and since gmail lets you add mpop and mop3 to email clients i figured it would be an interesting idea to use an email client on the terminal with built in notifications and stuff, thanks so much

PortsInfo is a simple desktop app that shows a list of active network ports on your linux systems.

In other words, it shows you which servers are running on your computer.

It's a graphical equivalent of running netstat -plunt in a terminal.

The app supports quick search with CTRL+F shortcut.

Hopefully this will be useful to newbies and system administrators.

Has there been any mention of time management tools getting built in into GNOME? I thought I read something a short while ago that would land in one of the next versions, but I can't seem to find anything about it anymore. It had some sort of pomodoro timer as part of it and I thought it was a neat feature to look out for. Can't seem to find it anymore though. Perhaps it was a GNOME Circle post?

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.world/post/23071801

Considering a lot of people here are self-hosting both private stuff, like a NAS and also some other is public like websites and whatnot, how do you approach segmentation in the context of virtual machines versus dedicated machines?

This is generally how I see the community action on this:

Scenario 1: Fully Isolated Machine for Public Stuff

Two servers one for the internal stuff (NAS) and another for the public stuff totally isolated from your LAN (websites, email etc). Preferably with a public IP that is not the same as your LAN and the traffic to that machines doesn't go through your main router. Eg. a switch between the ISP ONT and your router that also has a cable connected for the isolated machine. This way the machine is completely isolated from your network and not dependent on it.

Scenario 2: Single server with VM exposed

A single server hosting two VMs, one to host a NAS along with a few internal services running in containers, and another to host publicly exposed websites. Each website could have its own container inside the VM for added isolation, with a reverse proxy container managing traffic.

For networking, I typically see two main options:

• Option A: Completely isolate the "public-facing" VM from the internal network by using a dedicated NIC in passthrough mode for the VM;
• Option B: Use a switch to deliver two VLANs to the host—one for the internal network and one for public internet access. In this scenario, the host would have two VLAN-tagged interfaces (e.g., eth0.X) and bridge one of them with the "public" VM’s network interface. Here’s a diagram for reference: https://ibb.co/PTkQVBF

In the second option, a firewall would run inside the "public" VM to drop all inbound except for http traffic. The host would simply act as a bridge and would not participate in the network in any way.

Scenario 3: Exposed VM on a Windows/Linux Desktop Host

Windows/Linux desktop machine that runs KVM/VirtualBox/VMware to host a VM that is directly exposed to the internet with its own public IP assigned by the ISP. In this setup, a dedicated NIC would be passed through to the VM for isolation.

The host OS would be used as a personal desktop and contain sensitive information.

Scenario 4: Dual-Boot Between Desktop and Server

A dual-boot setup where the user switches between a OS for daily usage and another for hosting stuff when needed (with a public IP assigned by the ISP). The machine would have a single Ethernet interface and the user would manually switch network cables between: a) the router (NAT/internal network) when running the "personal" OS and b) a direct connection to the switch (and ISP) when running the "public/hosting" OS.

For increased security, each OS would be installed on a separate NVMe drive, and the "personal" one would use TPM with full disk encryption to protect sensitive data. If the "public/hosting" system were compromised.

The theory here is that, if properly done, the TPM doesn't release the keys to decrypt the "personal" disk OS when the user is booted into the "public/hosting" OS.

People also seem to combine both scenarios with Cloudflare tunnels or reverse proxies on cheap VPS.

---

What's your approach / paranoia level :D

Do you think using separate physical machines is really the only sensible way to go? How likely do you think VM escape attacks and VLAN hopping or other networking-based attacks are?

Let's discuss how secure these setups are, what pitfalls one should watch out for on each one, and what considerations need to be addressed.

The case for Linux and openSUSE is clear. Linux provides viable, cost-effective and sustainable alternatives. Users can enjoy a free, open-source operating system that doesn’t require costly upgrades or restrictive hardware requirements with installing openSUSE. Here are a few things users that want to transition can consider:

• Complete Transparency: Linux distributions like openSUSE are governed by open-source principles, ensuring clear and consistent development.
• No Forced Obsolescence: openSUSE supports a wide range of hardware like modern machines to older PCs that allow users to extend the life of their devices.
• Cost Savings: openSUSE is free to use, with no licensing fees or hidden subscription costs for extended support.

By switching to Linux, users can help combat e-waste as every PC saved from a landfill is a win for the environment.