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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).

Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.

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[HELP] Trouble Multi-Booting Fedora + Ubuntu (lemmy.ml)

submitted 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago) by brownmustardminion@lemmy.ml to c/linux@lemmy.ml

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As the title says, I'm trying to multiboot Fedora 40 and Ubuntu 24. The documentation and guides for this all seems pretty outdated through my searching and troubleshooting.

I currently have ubuntu installed. My drive partition table looks like this:

sda1 -- EFI (250MB)
sda2 -- /boot (ext4, 2GB)
sda3 -- empty (ext4, 2TB) <-- Fedora partition
sda4 -- Ubuntu 24 (LUKS encrypted, 2TB)

I'm trying to install Fedora now and it's giving me nothing but errors. The most useful guide I found for this specific setup just has you adding sda3 as the installation path (mounted at /) for Fedora and it's supposed to figure out the EFI and boot, but that doesn't happen. In fact, the EFI and /boot partitions show up under an "Unknown" tab in the Fedora custom partition window of the installation. They should be under a tab such as "Ubuntu 24 LTS". Fedora isn't recognizing the ubuntu installation (because it's encrypted?)

Am I wrong in assuming that both OS's should be sharing the EFI and /boot partitions? Maybe that's the issue?

Anybody out there successfully dual booting Linux distros with both distros encrypted?

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[–] biribiri11@lemmy.ml 4 points 4 months ago* (last edited 4 months ago)

Am I wrong in assuming that both OS’s should be sharing the EFI and /boot partitions?

Shared ESP is fine as long as you don’t run out of space. Nothing in /boot should conflict but that’s not guaranteed, although having 2 potential boot partitions means having 2 potential grub configs. I’d make sda3 a ~2GB ext4 boot partition just for Fedora (mounted at /boot), and an sda5 with btrfs with a home subvolume mounted at /home, and a root subvolume mounted at /, then mount sda1 at /boot/efi (this is the default layout iirc, albeit with different partitions, ofc). This might be easier to do in the advanced blivet gui.

And yes, Linux’s boot process is a convoluted, fragile mess and there are currently multiple ongoing discussions on how to improve it.

[–] lurch@sh.itjust.works 4 points 4 months ago

don't share /boot

it contains stuff from the distro for booting and configuring/installing a boot loader. if both garble their stuff in there it will likely break.